Finland’s transformation from an agriculture-based economy to an innovation powerhouse is an example of resilience. Emerging from a devastating civil war, and later defending ourselves against the Soviet Union, we rebuilt our nation. Some of the key elements in Finland’s development have been opening our economy and fostering trade, and recognising its critical importance.
We began with initial steps and modest means. An education policy – basic education for all – was established just four years after gaining independence, followed later by a science policy and the expansion of universities, which created the base for innovation policy underpinned by research innovation and investments.
