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CBC at a crossroads as ambition outpaces reality in classrooms
Grade 9 Pupils proceed with their Science class at the Fairfield Primary School in Mombasa as Learners Prepare to face the Senior Secondary School in the current Competency Based Curriculum (CBC) from next year in this photo taken on February 4, 2025.
Kenya’s Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) remains one of the most ambitious education reforms in recent memory. Designed to replace the entrenched 8-4-4 system, it seeks to shift learning from rote memorisation to mastery of competencies such as critical thinking, creativity, communication and problem-solving.
Nearly a decade after its phased rollout began, CBC stands at a crossroads—praised for its progressive vision but weighed down by persistent implementation gaps.
